Iterambere ry'ikoreshwa ry'amazi meza: Kuva ku bidukikije kugera ku ikoranabuhanga

Amazi ni ingenzi mu buzima, ariko kubona amazi meza yo kunywa byabaye ikibazo gikomeye mu mateka ya muntu. Mu myaka ibarirwa mu bihumbi ishize, abantu bagiye bava ku kwishingikiriza ku masoko y'amazi karemano kugeza ku guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gusukura amazi. Uru rugendo rugaragaza ubuhanga n'ubukene.

?Kwishingikiriza ku masoko kareEse?

Mu gihe kinini cy’ubuzima bw’abantu, abantu banywaga amazi mu migezi, mu biyaga no mu masoko. Imiterere ya kera, nk’iyo muri Mezopotamiya no mu kibaya cya Indus, yabaga hafi y’amazi meza kugira ngo ikomeze kubaho. Ariko, amasoko y’amazi karemano yakundaga kubamo udukoko n’ibintu byanduza, bigatera indwara ziterwa n’amazi nka kolera na macinya. Inyandiko z’amateka zo mu Misiri ya kera no mu Bugereki zigaragaza ko habanje kugeragezwa kunoza ubwiza bw’amazi binyuze mu gupfuka amazi mu mwenda cyangwa kureka imyanda igatura mu nkono z’ibumba. Ubu buryo bw’ibanze bwagaragaje intambwe za mbere abantu batera mu nzira yo kuvoma amazi neza.

Ese?Ubushyuhe n'isukura rya mbere

Amazi abira yagaragaye nk'igikorwa gihindura ibintu. Inyandiko z'Abashinwa zo mu 2000 Mbere ya Yesu zanditse ku mazi abira yo mu cyayi, mu gihe Hippocrates wo mu Bugereki bwa kera yashushanyije "amaboko" yo kuyungurura amazi. Mu gihe cya Moyen Age, guteka byarushijeho gukwirakwira muri Aziya y'Iburasirazuba no mu isi ya Kiyisilamu, bitewe n'imigenzo gakondo n'ubumenyi bw'ubuvuzi bwari bukomeje kwiyongera. Ariko, ibura ry'ibikomoka ku binyabiziga ryagabanyije ikoreshwa ryabyo mu turere twinshi kugeza mu kinyejana cya 19, ubwo inyigisho ya Louis Pasteur y'imiti yemezaga siyansi uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe ubushyuhe, bituma guteka biba ihame ku isi yose.

?Inganda n'Ubuvuzi bw'Imiti​Ese?

Impinduramatwara mu nganda yatumye amazi ahumana cyane ariko inatuma habaho udushya. Iterambere ryihuse ry’imijyi ryatumye imigezi yanduye mu mazi mabi, bituma imijyi nka Londres yubaka inzira zo gutanga amazi zikoreshwa mu buryo buhuriweho. Mu 1854, John Snow yahuje icyorezo cya kolera n’ipompo yanduye i Londres, agaragaza ko hakenewe ibisubizo by’imiti. Chlorine, yatangijwe mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya 20, yabaye impinduka zikomeye. Mu 1908, Jersey City yabaye umujyi wa mbere muri Amerika washyize mu bikorwa uburyo bunini bwo gutanga chlorine, bigabanya cyane indwara ziterwa n’amazi. Sisitemu zo kuyungurura umucanga, zatangiye i Burayi, zarushijeho kunoza ubwiza bw’amazi yo mu migi.

?Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo kuyungururaEse?

Muri iki gihe, amafiriti y'amazi yo mu ngo atanga ibisubizo byihariye. Ikoranabuhanga ritatu rikuru riranga:

Gutunganya Utubumbe (UF): Ikoresheje uturemangingo tw’udusimba dufite imyenge ya mikoroni 0.01, UF ikuraho bagiteri, protozoa, na virusi zimwe na zimwe mu gihe igumana imyunyungugu. Ni nziza cyane ahantu hari amasoko y’amazi meza.

Kuyungurura amazi mu buryo bwa Nanofiltration (NF): Ifite imyenge ya mikoroni 0.001, NF iyungurura imikorosikopi, ibyuma biremereye, n'ibinyabutabire. Yoroshya amazi akomeye ariko ikomeza kubungabunga imyunyungugu y'ingirakamaro nka kalisiyumu.

Osmosis yo mu kirere (RO): Ikoresha membrane ya mikoroni 0.0001 ishobora kwinjiramo, RO ikuraho 99% by'imyanda, harimo umunyu na nitrate. Ariko, ikenera amashanyarazi kandi ikora amazi mabi, bigatuma ikwiriye uturere dufite umwanda ukabije.

Guhitamo Abatanga Sisitemu Ikwiye yo Gutunganya no Gusukura Amazi​Ese?

Guhitamo sisitemu yo kuyungurura biterwa n'ubwiza bw'amazi yo mu gace n'ibyo akeneye. Sisitemu za RO zigira akamaro ahantu handuye cyane mu nganda cyangwa umunyu mwinshi. Kuyungurura nanofiltration (NF) bitanga uburinganire ku kwandura ku rugero ruri hagati, mu gihe kuyungurura ultrafiltration (UF) bihagije ku bibazo bya mikorobe. Kuyungurura UV na filters za karuboni zishobora kuzuza izi sisitemu.

Muri iki gihe, igerageza rya Humanity ryo gushaka amazi meza ryahindutse kuva ku kubaho kw'ibanze kugera ku buhanga buhamye. Uko imyanda irushaho kuba ingorabahizi, ni nako ibisubizo bigomba kuba. Guhitamo umutanga serivisi yizewe yo gusukura amazi ni ingenzi - ufite ubushakashatsi n'iterambere bigezweho, imiyoboro ikomeye y'amazi, na serivisi yizewe. Filterpur itanga byose uko ari bitatu.

Menya impamvu abakiriya bo mu bihugu birenga 30 biringira sisitemu zabo zigezweho hamwe na serivisi nziza zihariye ushobora kwitega: https://www.filterpur.com/.