Bo-rasaense ba fumana bopaki ba ditaolo tse 187 tsa taxonomic ka lilithara tse 20 tsa metsi tse bokelletsoeng ho e 'ngoe ea libaka tse thata ka ho fetisisa Lefatšeng.
Sehlopha sa bo-rasaense se etelletsoeng pele ke Mokhatlo oa Paballo ea Liphoofolo Tse Hlaha (WCS) le Univesithi ea Naha ea Appalachian se sebelisitse DNA ea tikoloho (eDNA) ho ngola mefuta-futa ea lithabeng tsa thaba e telele ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng, Thaba ea Everest e bophara ba limithara tse 8,849. Mosebetsi ona oa bohlokoa ke karolo ea leeto la 2019 la National Geographic le Rolex Perpetual Planet Everest, leeto le leholo ka ho fetisisa la saense la Everest.
Ha ba ngola ka seo ba se fumaneng koranteng ea iScience, sehlopha se bokelletse eDNA ho tsoa lisampoleng tsa metsi tse tsoang matamong a leshome le melapong e tebileng ho tloha maotong a 14,763 (limithara tse 4,500) ho isa maotong a 18,044 (limithara tse 5,500) ka libeke tse 'ne. Libaka tsena li kenyelletsa libaka tsa mabanta a lithaba tse teng ka holim'a mola oa lifate 'me li na le mefuta e fapaneng ea limela le lihlahla tse thunyang, hammoho le mabanta a aeolian a namelang ka nģ'ane ho limela le lihlahla tse thunyang ka holimo ho biosphere. Ba hlwaile lintho tse phelang tse leng tsa lihlopha tse 187 tsa taxonomic tse tsoang lilithareng tse 20 feela tsa metsi, tse lekanang le 16.3%, kapa karolo ea botšelela, ea palo eohle ea lihlopha tse tsejoang Sefateng sa Bophelo, sefate sa lelapa sa mefuta-futa ea lintho tse phelang Lefatšeng.
eDNA e batla bongata ba dintho tse setseng tsa lefutso tse siilweng ke diphedi le diphoofolo tse hlaha mme e fana ka mokgwa o theko e tlase, o potlakileng le o pharaletseng haholoanyane wa ho ntlafatsa bokgoni ba dipatlisiso bakeng sa ho lekola mefutafuta ya diphedi tikolohong ya metsing. Disampole di bokellwa ho sebediswa lebokose le kwetsweng le nang le sefe e tshwarang dintho tsa lefutso, ebe e hlahlojwa laboratoring ho sebediswa DNA metabarcoding le mekgwa e meng ya ho latellana. WCS e sebedisa eDNA ho sibolla mefuta e sa tlwaelehang le e kotsing ya ho timela ho tloha ho maruarua a humpback ho ya ho dikhudu tse bonolo tsa Swinhoe, e leng e nngwe ya mefuta e sa tlwaelehang ka ho fetisisa Lefatsheng.
'Mapa oa mocheso oa tatellano ea libaktheria tse khethiloeng le ho aroloa ka tatellano ea taxonomic ho sebelisoa SingleM le database ea Greengenes ho tsoa sebakeng se seng le se seng.
Leha phuputso ea Everest e ne e shebane le ho tsebahatsa boemo ba tatellano, sehlopha se ile sa khona ho tsebahatsa lintho tse ngata tse phelang ho fihlela boemong ba mofuta kapa mofuta.
Mohlala, sehlopha se hlwaile di-rotifer le di-tardigrade, e leng diphoofolo tse pedi tse nyane tse tsejwang hore di atleha dibakeng tse ding tse thata ka ho fetisisa le tse mpe ka ho fetisisa mme di nkwa e le tse ding tsa diphoofolo tse kgonang ho mamella ka ho fetisisa lefatsheng. Ho feta moo, ba ile ba sibolla letsuonyana la lehlwa la Tibet le fumanwang Serapeng sa Naha sa Sagarmatha mme ba makala ha ba fumana mefuta e kang dintja tsa lapeng le dikgoho tse emelang tshusumetso ya mesebetsi ya batho sebakeng seo.
Ba boetse ba fumane lifate tsa phaene tse ka fumanoang feela maralleng a hole haholo le moo ba ileng ba latsoa teng, tse bontšang kamoo peō e phofshoang ke moea e tsamaeang holimo ho ea libakeng tsena tsa metsi. Sebōpuoa se seng seo ba se fumaneng libakeng tse 'maloa e ne e le mayfly, e leng sesupo se tsebahalang sa phetoho ea tikoloho.
Lethathamo la lintho tse phelang la eDNA le tla thusa ho hlahloba dibaka tse hodimo tsa Himalaya nakong e tlang le dithuto tsa dimolek'hule tse kgutlisang morao ho lekola diphetoho ha nako e ntse e ya ha ho futhumala ha tlelaemete, ho qhibiliha ha leqhoa le ditlamorao tsa batho di fetola tikoloho ena e fetohang ka potlako, e tsebahalang lefatsheng ka bophara.
Ngaka Tracey Seimon oa Lenaneo la Bophelo ba Liphoofolo la WCS, moetapele-'moho oa sehlopha sa Everest Biofield le mofuputsi ea ka sehloohong, o itse: "Ho na le mefuta-futa e mengata ea lintho tse phelang. Tikoloho ea lithaba, ho kenyeletsoa le Thaba ea Everest, e lokela ho nkoa e le tlas'a tlhokomelo e tsoelang pele ea mefuta-futa ea lintho tse phelang tsa lithaba, ho phaella ho tlhokomelo ea bioclimatic le tlhahlobo ea tšusumetso ea phetoho ea tlelaemete."
Ngaka Marisa Lim oa Mokhatlo oa Paballo ea Liphoofolo tse hlaha o itse: “Re ile marulelong a lefatše ho ea batla bophelo. Sena ke seo re se fumaneng. Leha ho le joalo, pale ha e felle moo. thusa ho tsebisa bohlale ba nakong e tlang.”
Motsamaisi-'moho oa lipatlisiso tsa tšimo, mofuputsi oa National Geographic le Moprofesa ea Kopaneng Univesithing ea Naha ea Appalachian Dr. Anton Simon o itse: “Lilemong tse lekholo tse fetileng, ha a botsoa, 'Ke hobane'ng ha re e-ea Everest?', mohlomi oa lithaba oa Brithani George Mallory o ile a araba, 'Hobane e ne e le teng. Sehlopha sa rona sa 2019 se ne se e-na le maikutlo a fapaneng haholo: re ile Thabeng ea Everest hobane e ne e fana ka tlhahisoleseling 'me e ka re ruta ka lefatše leo re phelang ho lona.”
Ka ho etsa hore sete ena ea data ea mohloli o bulehileng e fumanehe ho sechaba sa lipatlisiso, bangoli ba tšepa ho kenya letsoho boitekong bo tsoelang pele ba ho haha mehlodi ea limolek'hule ho ithuta le ho latela liphetoho tsa mefuta-futa ea lintho tse phelang lithabeng tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa tsa Lefatše.
Sengoloa se qotsitsoeng: Lim le ba bang, Ho sebedisa DNA ya tikoloho ho lekola mefutafuta ya dimela ya Sefate sa Bophelo ka lehlakoreng le ka borwa la Thaba ya Everest, iScience (2022) Marisa KV Lim, 1Anton Seimon, 2Batya Nightingale, 1Charles SI Xu, 3Stefan RP Holloy, 4Adam J. Solon, 5Nicholas B. Dragon, 5Steven K. Schmidt, 5Alex Tate, 6Sandra Alvin, 6Aurora K. Elmore, 6,7 le Tracey A. Simon1,8,
1 Mokhatlo oa Paballo ea Liphoofolo tse Hlaha, Lenaneo la Bophelo ba Liphoofolo, Bronx Zoo, Bronx, NY 10460, USA 2 Appalachian State University, Lefapha la Jeokrafi le Merero, Boone, NC 28608, USA 3 Univesithi ea McGill, Lefapha la Redpath la Musiamo le Biology, Montreal, H3A 0G4 , CanadaQ94 Lefapha la Liindasteri tsa Mantlha, Wellington 6011, New Zealand 5 Univesithi ea Colorado, Lefapha la Ecology le Biology ea Tsoelo-pele, Boulder, CO 80309, USA 6 Mokhatlo oa Naha oa Jeokrafi, Washington, DC, 20036, USAQ107 Tsamaiso ea Naha ea Leoatle le Sepakapaka, Silver- Spring, MD 20910, USA 8 Moetapele oa ho ikopanya* Puisano
Sepheo: WCS e pholosa liphoofolo tse hlaha le liphoofolo tse hlaha lefatšeng ka bophara ka saense, boiteko ba paballo ea tikoloho, thuto le ho khothatsa batho ho ananela tlhaho. Ho phethahatsa sepheo sa rona, WCS e thehiloe Bronx Zoo, e sebelisa matla a felletseng a lenaneo la eona la paballo ea tikoloho lefatšeng ka bophara, le eteloang selemo le selemo ke batho ba limilione tse 4 linaheng tse ka bang 60 le maoatleng 'ohle a lefats'e, hammoho le lirapeng tse hlano tsa boikhathollo tsa liphoofolo tse hlaha New York. WCS e kopanya boiphihlelo ba eona lirapeng tsa liphoofolo le li-aquarium ho fihlela sepheo sa eona sa paballo ea tikoloho. Etela: newsroom.wcs.org Latela: @WCSNewsroom. Bakeng sa tlhaiso-leseling e batsi: 347-840-1242. Mamela podcast ea WCS Wild Audio mona.
Jwalo ka setheo se seholo sa setjhaba ka Borwa-botjhabela, Univesithi ya Naha ya Appalachian e lokisetsa baithuti ho phela maphelo a kgotsofatsang jwalo ka baahi ba lefatshe ba utlwisisang le ho nka boikarabelo ba ho theha bokamoso bo tsitsitseng bakeng sa bohle. Phihlelo ya Appalachian e kgothaletsa moya wa ho kenyeletsa ka ho kopanya batho ka ditsela tse susumetsang tsa ho fumana le ho theha tsebo, ho hola ka botlalo, ho etsa ka tjantjello le boikemisetso, le ho amohela mefutafuta le dipharologanyo. Appalachians, e fumanehang Lithabeng tsa Blue Ridge, ke e nngwe ya dikhamphase tse 17 tsamaisong ya Univesithi ya North Carolina. Ka baithuti ba ka bang 21,000, Univesithi ya Appalachian e na le karolelano e tlase ya baithuti le barutehi mme e fana ka mananeo a fetang 150 a baithuti ba pele le ba fumaneng mangolo.
Tšebelisano-'moho ea National Geographic le Rolex e tšehetsa maeto a ho hlahloba libaka tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng. Ka ho sebelisa boiphihlelo bo tummeng ba saense le theknoloji ea morao-rao ho sibolla temohisiso e ncha mabapi le litsamaiso tsa bohlokoa bophelong Lefatšeng, maeto ana a thusa bo-rasaense, baetsi ba melao le sechaba sa lehae ho rera le ho fumana litharollo tsa litlamorao tsa maemo a leholimo le maemo a leholimo. Tikoloho ea fetoha, e pheta limakatso tsa lefats'e la rona ka lipale tse matla.
Ka lilemo tse ka bang lekholo, Rolex e tšehelitse bafuputsi ba pele ba batlang ho sutumelletsa meeli ea monyetla oa batho. Khamphani e tlohile ho buella lipatlisiso tsa ho sibolla lintho ho ea ho sireletsa polanete ka ho etsa boitlamo ba nako e telele ba ho tšehetsa batho ka bomong le mekhatlo e sebelisang saense ho utloisisa le ho nts'etsapele litharollo tsa mathata a tikoloho a kajeno.
Boitlamo bona bo ile ba matlafatsoa ka ho qalisoa ha Forever Planet ka 2019, eo qalong e neng e shebane le batho ba kenyang letsoho lefats'eng le betere ka Likhau tsa Rolex bakeng sa Enterprise, ba sireletsang maoatle ka tšebelisano-'moho le Mission Blue, le ho etsa hore phetoho ea maemo a leholimo e be ea sebele. e utloisisoe e le karolo ea kamano ea eona le Mokhatlo oa National Geographic.
Pokello e atolositsoeng ea likamano tse ling tse amohetsoeng tlas'a morero oa Perpetual Planet joale e kenyelletsa: maeto a polar a sutumetsang meeli ea lipatlisiso tsa ka tlas'a metsi; One Ocean Foundation le Menkab tse sireletsang mefuta-futa ea limela tsa cetacean Mediterranean; Xunaan-Ha Expedition e senolang boleng ba metsi Yucatan, Mexico; Leeto le leholo la ho ea Arctic ka 2023 ho ea bokella lintlha mabapi le litšokelo tsa Arctic; Hearts In The Ice, hape ho ea bokella tlhahisoleseling mabapi le phetoho ea maemo a leholimo Arctic; le Monaco Blue Initiative, e kopanyang litsebi litharollong tsa paballo ea leoatle.
Rolex e boetse e tšehetsa mekhatlo le maano a holisang moloko o latelang oa bafuputsi, bo-rasaense le batho ba sireletsang tikoloho ka lithuso tsa lichelete le lithuso tse kang Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Lithuto tsa Ka tlas'a Metsi le Rolex Explorers Club Grant.
Mokhatlo oa National Geographic ke mokhatlo oa lefats'e o seng oa phaello o sebelisang matla a saense, lipatlisiso, thuto le lipale ho bonesa le ho sireletsa limakatso tsa lefats'e la rona. Ho tloha ka 1888, National Geographic e ntse e sutumelletsa meeli ea lipatlisiso, e tsetela ho talenta e matla le mehopolo e fetolang, e fana ka lithuso tsa mesebetsi tse fetang 15,000 lik'honthinenteng tse supileng, e fihlella baithuti ba limilione tse 3 selemo le selemo ka linyehelo tsa thuto, 'me e hapa tlhokomelo ea lefats'e ka bophara ka lipontšo. , lipale le litaba. Ho ithuta ho eketsehileng, etela www.nationalgeographic.org kapa u re latele ho Instagram, Twitter le Facebook.
Sepheo: WCS e pholosa liphoofolo tse hlaha le liphoofolo tse hlaha lefatšeng ka bophara ka saense, boiteko ba paballo ea tikoloho, thuto le ho khothatsa batho ho ananela tlhaho. E thehiloe Bronx Zoo, WCS e sebelisa matla a felletseng a lenaneo la eona la paballo ea tikoloho lefatšeng ka bophara ho phethahatsa sepheo sa eona, ka baeti ba limilione tse 4 selemo le selemo linaheng tse ka bang 60 le maoatleng 'ohle a lefats'e, hammoho le lirapeng tse hlano tsa boikhathollo tsa liphoofolo tse hlaha New York City. WCS e kopanya boiphihlelo ba eona lirapeng tsa liphoofolo le li-aquarium ho fihlela sepheo sa eona sa paballo ea tikoloho. Etela newsroom.wcs.org. Ingolise: @WCSNewsroom. Tlhahisoleseling e eketsehileng: +1 (347) 840-1242.
Mothehi-'moho oa SpaceRef, setho sa Explorers Club, eo e kileng ea e-ba NASA, sehlopha sa baeti, moqolotsi oa litaba, setsebi sa sebaka le sa linaleli, o hlōlehile ho hloa lithaba.
Nako ea poso: Loetse-10-2022