Phuputso e 'ngoe (e entsoeng ke k'hamphani e hloekisang metsi) e hakantse hore hoo e ka bang 77% ea Maamerika a sebelisa mokhoa oa ho hloekisa metsi ka tlung. Mmaraka oa ho hloekisa metsi oa US (2021) o lebelletsoe ho hola ka $ 5.85 bilione selemo le selemo. Ka karolo e kholo hakana ea Maamerika a sebelisang lihloela tsa metsi[1], tlhokomelo e kholo e tlameha ho lefshoa mathateng a bophelo bo botle a ka hlahang ka lebaka la ho se nkele sefa sa hau sa metsi.
Mefuta ea Mekhoa ea ho Hloekisa Metsi a Lehae
Litsamaiso tse 'nè tsa pele li nkoa li sebelisa mekhoa ea phekolo ea lintlha hobane li sebetsana le metsi ka lihlopha ebe li li isa ho faucet e le' ngoe. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, tsamaiso eohle ea matlo e nkoa e le mokhoa oa phekolo oa sebaka sa ho kena, oo hangata o sebetsanang le boholo ba metsi a kenang ka tlung.
A na u hloka sefe ea metsi?
Batho ba bangata ba reka lihloela tsa metsi hobane ba amehile ka tatso kapa monko, kapa hobane e ka ’na eaba li na le lik’hemik’hale tse kotsi bophelong bo botle, tse kang loto.
Mohato oa pele oa ho fumana hore na sefa sa metsi sea hlokahala ke ho fumana mohloli oa metsi a nooang. Haeba metsi a hau a nooang a tsoa tsamaisong e kholo ea phepelo ea metsi ea sechaba, u kanna oa se hloke sefe ea metsi. Joalo ka ha ke ile ka ngola pejana, litsamaiso tse ngata tse kholo le tse mahareng tsa phepelo ea metsi li kopana le melaoana ea metsi a nooang ea EPA hantle haholo. Mathata a mangata a metsi a nooang a hlaha lits'ebetsong tse nyane tsa phepelo ea metsi le liliba tsa poraefete.
Haeba ho na le bothata ba tatso kapa monko ka metsi a hau a nooang, na ke bothata ka k'hamphani ea hau ea lipeipi tsa metsi kapa ea metsi? Haeba bothata bo etsahala feela ka lipompo tse itseng, e ka 'na ea e-ba pipeline ea hau ea lapeng; Haeba boemo bona bo etsahala lelapeng lohle, bo ka bakoa ke k'hamphani ea hau ea metsi - ka kopo ikopanye le bona kapa setsi sa hau sa bophelo sa sechaba sa lehae.
Litaba tse monate ke hore litaba tsena tsa tatso le monko hangata ha li bake mathata a bophelo bo botle. Leha ho le joalo, ha ho motho ea ratang ho noa metsi a nang le tatso e mpe kapa monko o mobe, ’me lihloela tsa metsi li ka thusa haholo ho rarolla mathata ana.
Tse ling tsa litaba tse atileng haholo tsa tatso le monko metsing a nooang ke:
- Monko oa tšepe - hangata o bakoa ke leaching ea tšepe kapa koporo ho tloha liphaepheng
- Chlorine kapa tatso ea "lik'hemik'hale" kapa monko - hangata tšebelisano lipakeng tsa chlorine le metsoako ea lintho tse phelang tsamaisong ea liphaephe.
- Sebabole kapa monko oa lehe le bolileng - hangata ho tsoa ho hydrogen sulfide ea tlhaho metsing a ka tlas'a lefatše
- Monko oa hlobo kapa oa tlhapi - hangata o bakoa ke baktheria e melang liphaepheng tsa metsi tse tebang, limela, liphoofolo, kapa libaktheria tsa tlhaho matšeng le matamong.
- Tatso ea letsoai - hangata e bakoang ke maemo a phahameng a sodium, magnesium, kapa potasiamo ea tlhaho.
Lebaka la bobeli leo ka lona batho ba rekang lihloela tsa metsi ke ka lebaka la ho tšoenyeha ka lik’hemik’hale tse kotsi. Le hoja EPA e laola lintho tse silafatsang tse 90 tsamaisong ea phepelo ea metsi ea sechaba, batho ba bangata ha ba lumele hore metsi a bona a ka sebelisoa ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng ntle le lifefo. Tlaleho ea lipatlisiso e re batho ba lumela hore metsi a hloekisitsoeng a phetse hantle (42%) kapa ho feta tikoloho (41%), kapa ha ba lumele boleng ba metsi (37%).
bothata ba bophelo bo botle
Ho se nkele sefe sebaka sa metsi ho tlisa mathata a mangata ho feta ao a a rarollang
Boemo bona bo etsahala hobane haeba filthara e sa nkeloe sebaka khafetsa, libaktheria tse kotsi le likokoana-hloko tse ling li tla hōla le ho ata. Ha li-filters li koalehile, li ka 'na tsa senyeha, tse lebisang ho bokellaneng ha libaktheria le lik'hemik'hale tse kenang ka tlung ea hau ea metsi. Ho hōla ho feteletseng ha libaktheria tse kotsi ho ka senya bophelo ba hao, ho baka mathata a mala, ho akarelletsa le ho hlatsa le letšollo.
Lisefe tsa metsi li ka tlosa lik'hemik'hale tse ntle le tse mpe
Lisefe tsa metsi ha li khone ho khetholla pakeng tsa lik’hemik’hale tse bohlokoa bophelong (tse kang k’halsiamo, magnesium, iodine le potassium) le lik’hemik’hale tse kotsi (tse kang loto le cadmium).
Lebaka ke hore ho sebelisa sefe ea metsi ho tlosa lik'hemik'hale ho itšetlehile ka boholo ba masoba a sefe, e leng boholo ba lesoba le lenyenyane leo metsi a fetang ho lona. Nahana ka sefe kapa khaba e lutlang. Ha li-pores li le nyane, li thibela litšila tse nyane. Mohlala, filthara e kentsoeng ea khabone e nang le filthara ea microfiltration e na le boholo ba pore e ka bang 0.1 micrometer [2]; Boholo ba pore ea sefe ea reverse osmosis ke li-micrometer tse ka bang 0.0001, tse ka thibelang lik'hemik'hale tse nyane ho feta li-filters tsa khabone.
Lisefe li ka thibela lik'hemik'hale tsohle tsa boholo bo lekanang, ebang ke tsa bohlokoa kapa li kotsi bophelong. Sena se fetohile bothata linaheng tse kang Iseraele, moo ho ntša letsoai metsing a leoatle ho sebelisoang haholo e le metsi a nooang. Ho ntša letsoai metsing a leoatle ho sebelisa mokhoa oa reverse osmosis ho ntša letsoai metsing, empa ho phaella letsoai, ho boetse ho tlosa lintho tse ’nè tsa bohlokoa: fluoride, calcium, iodine le magnesium. Ka lebaka la ts'ebeliso e atileng ea ho ntša letsoai metsing a leoatle, Isiraele e ela hloko haholo khaello ea iodine le khaello ea magnesium ho baahi. Khaello ea iodine e ka lebisa ho se sebetseng ha qoqotho, athe khaello ea magnesium e amana le lefu la pelo le lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 2.
Bareki ba batla ho etsa eng?
Ha ho karabo ea hore na sefe ea metsi e lokela ho rekoa. Ena ke khetho ea botho, ho itšetlehile ka boemo bo khethehileng ba lelapa la hau. Litaba tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ha u ithuta ka li-filters tsa metsi tsa malapeng ke mofuta oa filthara, boholo ba pore, le litšila tse itseng tse tlositsoeng.
Mefuta e ka sehloohong ea li-filters tsa metsi ke:
Activated carbon - ke mofuta o tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa ka lebaka la theko e tlaase le tekanyo e phahameng ea adsorption. E loketse ho tlosa loto, mercury, le chlorine, empa ha e khone ho tlosa nitrate, arsenic, metali e boima, kapa libaktheria tse ngata.
- Reverse osmosis - ho sebelisa khatello ea ho tlosa litšila ka lera la semi permeable. E tseba ho tlosa lik'hemik'hale tse ngata le libaktheria.
- Ultrafiltration - E tšoana le ho khutlisa osmosis, empa ha e hloke matla ho sebetsa. E tlosa lik'hemik'hale tse ngata ho feta reverse osmosis.
- Ho futhumatsa metsi - ho futhumatsa metsi ho isa sebakeng se belang ebe o bokella mouoane oa metsi nakong ea condensation. E loketse ho tlosa lik'hemik'hale tse ngata le libaktheria.
- Lisebelisoa tsa phapanyetsano ea ion - sebelisa li-resin tse nang le li-ion tsa hydrogen tse qosoang hantle ho hohela litšila - bakeng sa ho nolofatsa metsi (ho tlosa calcium, magnesium, le liminerale tse ling metsing le ho li nkela sodium).
- Mahlaseli a UV - Leseli le matla haholo le ka tlosa libaktheria, empa ha le khone ho tlosa lik'hemik'hale.
Haeba u nahana ho reka filthara ea metsi, u ka sebelisa lisebelisoa tse ntle haholo:
- Bakeng sa tlhaiso-leseling e akaretsang, ka kopo etela webosaete ea CDC
- Boitsebiso ka mefuta e fapaneng ea li-filters tsa metsi
- Tekanyo ea lihlahisoa
- Setifikeiti sa sehlahisoa ke National Health Foundation (NSF), mokhatlo o ikemetseng o behang litekanyetso tsa bophelo bo botle ba sechaba bakeng sa lihlahisoa
Haeba u rekile sefe ea metsi kapa u se u ntse u e-na le eona, ka kopo hopola ho e khutlisa!
Nako ea poso: Oct-17-2023