Masayendisiti anowana humbowo hwema "taxonomic orders" 187 mumarita makumi maviri emvura akatorwa kubva kune imwe yenzvimbo dzakaoma kwazvo pasi pano.
Chikwata chemasayendisiti chinotungamirwa neWildlife Conservation Society (WCS) neAppalachian State University chakashandisa environmental DNA (eDNA) kunyora nezvemarudzi akasiyana-siyana egomo refu kupfuura mamwe ose pasi pano, Mount Everest ine upamhi hwemamita 8,849. Basa iri rinokosha chikamu che2019 National Geographic neRolex Perpetual Planet Everest Expedition, rwendo rukuru rwesainzi rweEverest.
Vachinyora nezvezvavakawana mujenari re iScience, timu iyi yakaunganidza eDNA kubva mumienzaniso yemvura kubva mumadziva gumi nehova dzakadzika kubva pa 14,763 feet (4,500 metres) kusvika 18,044 feet (5,500 metres) kwemavhiki mana. Nzvimbo idzi dzinosanganisira nzvimbo dzemakomo emumakomo dziri pamusoro pemiti uye dzine mhando dzakasiyana dzemiti nemiti, pamwe nemasango emiti anosvika maruva nemiti mudenga. Vakaona zvipenyu zviri mu187 taxonomic orders kubva mu20 liters chete yemvura, yakaenzana ne16.3%, kana chikamu chimwe muzvitanhatu, chehuwandu hwese hwema orders anozivikanwa muMuti weHupenyu, muti wemhuri yehupenyu hwepasi.
eDNA inotsvaga huwandu hushoma hwezvinhu zvemajini zvakasiyiwa nezvisikwa nemhuka dzesango uye inopa nzira inodhura, inokurumidza uye yakazara yekuvandudza kugona kwekutsvaga kuongorora kusiyana-siyana kwezvisikwa munzvimbo yemvura. Mienzaniso inounganidzwa uchishandisa bhokisi rakavharwa rine sefa inobata zvinhu zvemajini, iyo inozoongororwa murabhoritari uchishandisa DNA metabarcoding nedzimwe nzira dzekutevera. WCS inoshandisa eDNA kuwana mhando dzisingawanzoonekwi uye dziri munjodzi kubva kuhumpback whales kusvika kuSwinhoe softshell turtles, imwe yemhando dzisingawanzoonekwi pasi pano.
Mepu yekupisa inoongorora mabhakitiriya akawanikwa uye akaiswa muzvikamu zvakatevedzana uchishandisa SingleM nedhatabhesi reGreengenes kubva panzvimbo yega yega.
Kunyangwe tsvakurudzo yaEverest yainyanya kutarisa pakuzivikanwa kwemazinga ekurongeka, chikwata ichi chakakwanisa kuziva zvipenyu zvakawanda kusvika padanho rerudzi kana rudzi.
Semuenzaniso, chikwata chakaona mhuka dzinonzi rotifers ne tardigrades, mhuka mbiri diki dzinozivikanwa kuti dzinokura munzvimbo dzakaoma uye dzakanyanya kuoma uye dzinoonekwa sedzimwe dzemhuka dzinogara kwenguva refu dzinozivikanwa pasi rose. Pamusoro pezvo, vakawana imbwa yechando yeTibetan inowanikwa muSagarmatha National Park uye vakashamisika kuwana mhando dzakadai sembwa dzemumba nehuku dzinomiririra kukanganisa kwemabasa evanhu panzvimbo iyi.
Vakawanawo miti yemupaini inowanikwa chete pamakomo ari kure nekwavakatora sampuli, zvichiratidza kuti mukume unofambiswa nemhepo unofamba sei uchienda kunzvimbo idzi dzemvura. Chimwe chisikwa chavakawana munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana chaive mayfly, chiratidzo chinozivikanwa chekuchinja kwezvakatipoteredza.
Ongororo yeDNA ichabatsira mune ramangwana kuongorora makomo eHimalaya akakwirira uye kuongorora mafambiro emvura kuti vaongorore shanduko nekufamba kwenguva sezvo kudziya kwemamiriro ekunze, kunyunguduka kwechando uye kukanganisa kwevanhu kuchichinja nharaunda iyi inochinja nekukurumidza uye inozivikanwa pasi rose.
Dr. Tracey Seimon weWCS Animal Health Program, mutungamiriri wechikwata cheEverest Biofield uye muongorori mukuru, akati: "Kune zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana. Nzvimbo dzemakomo, kusanganisira Mount Everest, dzinofanira kutariswa sedzinotariswa kwenguva refu nezvemarudzi akasiyana-siyana emakomo, pamwe nekutarisa mamiriro ekunze uye kuongororwa kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze."
Dr Marisa Lim weWildlife Conservation Society vakati: "Takaenda kumusoro kwenyika tichitsvaga hupenyu. Hechino chatakawana. Zvisinei, nyaya yacho haigumiri ipapo. batsirai kuzivisa ruzivo rwemangwana."
Mutungamiriri wetsvakiridzo yemumunda, muongorori weNational Geographic uye purofesa weAppalachian State University Dr. Anton Simon vakati: “Makore zana apfuura, pavakabvunzwa kuti, ‘Sei uchifanira kuenda kuEverest?’, George Mallory wekuBritain akapindura achiti, ‘Nekuti kwaive ikoko. Chikwata chedu chegore ra2019 chaive nemaonero akasiyana zvachose: takaenda kuMount Everest nekuti kwaive neruzivo uye kwaigona kutidzidzisa nezvenyika yatinogara.”
Nekuita kuti data iri riwanikwe munharaunda yevaongorori, vanyori vanotarisira kubatsira mukuedza kuri kuitwa pakuvaka zviwanikwa zvemamorekuru kuti vadzidze uye vatevere shanduko mumarudzi akasiyana-siyana ezvisikwa mumakomo akakwirira ePasi.
Chinyorwa: Lim et al., Kushandisa DNA yezvakatipoteredza kuongorora kusiyana-siyana kweMuti weHupenyu kumaodzanyemba kweGomo reEverest, iScience (2022) Marisa KV Lim, 1Anton Seimon, 2Batya Nightingale, 1Charles SI Xu, 3Stefan RP Holloy, 4Adam J. Solon, 5Nicholas B. Dragon, 5Steven K. Schmidt, 5Alex Tate, 6Sandra Alvin, 6Aurora K. Elmore, 6,7 naTracey A. Simon1,8,
1 Sangano rekuchengetedza mhuka dzesango, Chirongwa chehutano hwemhuka, Bronx Zoo, Bronx, NY 10460, USA 2 Appalachian State University, Dhipatimendi reJografi nekuronga, Boone, NC 28608, USA 3 McGill University, Redpath Dhipatimendi reMamiziyamu neBiology, Montreal, H3A 0G4 , CanadaQ94 Dhipatimendi reMaindasitiri Ekutanga, Wellington 6011, New Zealand 5 University of Colorado, Dhipatimendi reEcology neEvolutionary Biology, Boulder, CO 80309, USA 6 National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, 20036, USAQ107 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver- Spring, MD 20910, USA 8 Mutungamiri weKutaurirana* Kutaurirana
Basa: WCS inoponesa mhuka dzesango nemhuka dzesango pasi rose kuburikidza nesainzi, kuedza kuchengetedza, dzidzo uye kukurudzira vanhu kuti vakoshese zvisikwa. Kuti tizadzise basa redu, WCS iri kuBronx Zoo, ichishandisa simba rayo rose rechirongwa chayo chekuchengetedza pasi rose, icho chinoshanyirwa gore rega rega nevanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni mana munyika dzinosvika makumi matanhatu nemakungwa ese epasi rose, pamwe nemapaki mashanu emhuka dzesango muNew York. WCS inobatanidza hunyanzvi hwayo mumazoo nemaaquariums kuti iite basa rayo rekuchengetedza. Shanyira: newsroom.wcs.org Tevedzera: @WCSNewsroom. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo: 347-840-1242. Teerera podcast yeWCS Wild Audio pano.
Senzvimbo yepamusoro yeruzhinji kuSoutheast, Appalachian State University inogadzirira vadzidzi kurarama hupenyu hunogutsa sevagari vepasi rose vanonzwisisa uye vanotora mutoro wekugadzira ramangwana rinogara kwenguva refu kune vese. Chiitiko cheAppalachian chinosimudzira mweya wekubatanidzwa nekuunza vanhu pamwe chete munzira dzinokurudzira dzekuwana nekugadzira ruzivo, kukura zvakakwana, kuita nechido uye kutsunga, uye kugamuchira kusiyana nekusiyana. Appalachians, iri muBlue Ridge Mountains, ndeimwe yemakhampasi gumi nemanomwe ari muhurongwa hweYunivhesiti yeNorth Carolina. Iine vadzidzi vanosvika zviuru makumi maviri nechimwe, Appalachian University ine chiyero chidiki chevadzidzi-vechikoro uye inopa mapurogiramu anopfuura zana nemakumi mashanu evadzidzi vepasi pekutanga nevepashure pekudzidza.
Kushanda pamwe chete kweNational Geographic neRolex kunotsigira nzendo dzekutsvaga nzvimbo dzakakosha zvikuru pasi rose. Vachishandisa hunyanzvi hwesainzi hunozivikanwa pasi rose uye tekinoroji yepamusoro-soro kuti vawane ruzivo rutsva pamusoro pemasisitimu akakosha kuhupenyu pasi pano, nzendo idzi dzinobatsira masayendisiti, vagadziri vemitemo nenharaunda dzemunharaunda kuronga nekuwana mhinduro dzemigumisiro yemamiriro ekunze nemamiriro ekunze. Nzvimbo iri kuchinja, ichirondedzera zvishamiso zvenyika yedu kuburikidza nenyaya dzine simba.
Kwenguva inosvika zana remakore, Rolex yave ichitsigira vaongorori vekutanga vanoedza kusundira miganhu yezvinogoneka zvevanhu. Kambani iyi yabva pakutsigira tsvakurudzo yekutsvaga ruzivo kusvika pakuchengetedza pasi nekuzvipira kwenguva refu kutsigira vanhu nemasangano anoshandisa sainzi kunzwisisa nekugadzira mhinduro dzematambudziko ezvakatipoteredza aripo nhasi.
Kubatanidzwa uku kwakasimbiswa nekutanga kweForever Planet muna 2019, iyo pakutanga yakatarisana nevanhu vanopa rubatsiro kupasi riri nani kuburikidza neRolex Awards for Enterprise, vanochengetedza makungwa kuburikidza nekubatana neMission Blue, uye vanoita kuti shanduko yemamiriro ekunze ive yechokwadi. Izvi zvinonzwisiswa sechikamu chehukama hwayo neNational Geographic Society.
Kuwedzera kwemamwe makambani ekudyidzana akagamuchirwa pasi pechirongwa chePerpetual Planet ikozvino kunosanganisira: nzendo dzemugungwa dzinosundira miganhu yekutsvaga pasi pemvura; One Ocean Foundation neMenkab dzinochengetedza zvipenyu zveCetacean muMediterranean; Xunaan-Ha Expedition ichiratidza hunhu hwemvura muYucatan, Mexico; rwendo rukuru rwekuenda kuArctic muna 2023 kunounganidza data pamusoro penjodzi dzeArctic; Hearts In The Ice, zvakare kuunganidza ruzivo nezvekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze muArctic; uye Monaco Blue Initiative, ichiunganidza nyanzvi dzekugadzirisa kuchengetedza gungwa.
Rolex inotsigirawo masangano nezvirongwa zvinosimudzira chizvarwa chinotevera chevaongorori, masayendisiti nevanochengetedza nharaunda kuburikidza nedzidzo dzemari dzechikoro nerubatsiro rwemari dzakadai seWorld Underwater Scholarship Association neRolex Explorers Club Grant.
Sangano reNational Geographic Society isangano risingatsvage purofiti pasi rose rinoshandisa simba resainzi, kutsvagisa, dzidzo, uye nyaya dzengano kujekesa nekudzivirira zvishamiso zvenyika yedu. Kubva muna 1888, National Geographic yave ichisunda miganhu yekutsvagisa, ichiisa mari mumatarenda ane tarenda uye mazano ekushandura, ichipa mari dzebasa dzinopfuura 15,000 mumakondinendi manomwe, ichisvika vadzidzi vanosvika mamiriyoni matatu pagore nezvipo zvedzidzo, uye ichibata pfungwa dzepasi rose kuburikidza nemasaini. , nyaya nezviri mukati. Kuti udzidze zvakawanda, shanyira www.nationalgeographic.org kana kutitevera pa Instagram, Twitter neFacebook.
Basa: WCS inoponesa mhuka dzesango nemhuka dzesango pasi rose kuburikidza nesainzi, mabasa ekuchengetedza, dzidzo uye kukurudzira vanhu kuti vakoshese zvisikwa. Yakavakirwa paBronx Zoo, WCS inoshandisa simba rayo rose rechirongwa chekuchengetedza pasi rose kuti izadzise basa rayo, ine vashanyi vanosvika mamiriyoni mana pagore munyika dzinosvika makumi matanhatu nemakungwa ese epasi rose, pamwe nemapaki mashanu emhuka dzesango muNew York City. WCS inobatanidza hunyanzvi hwayo mumazoo nemaaquariums kuti iite basa rayo rekuchengetedza. Shanyira newsroom.wcs.org. Nyorera: @WCSNewsroom. Rumwe ruzivo: +1 (347) 840-1242.
Mumwe wevakatanga SpaceRef, nhengo yeExplorers Club, aimbova NASA, timu yevashanyi, mutori wenhau, nyanzvi yezvemuchadenga uye nyanzvi yezvenyeredzi, akakundikana kukwira makomo.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-10-2022