Imwe ongororo (yakaitwa nekambani yekusefa mvura) yakafungidzira kuti vanhu vanosvika 77% vekuAmerica vanoshandisa sisitimu yekusefa mvura pamba. Musika wemuchina wekuchenesa mvura wekuUS (2021) unotarisirwa kukura nemadhora mabhiriyoni mashanu nemakumi masere nemashanu emadhora pagore. Nehuwandu hwakawanda hwevanhu vekuAmerica vanoshandisa mafirita emvura [1], kutarisisa kwakanyanya kunofanira kupihwa kumatambudziko ehutano angangomuka nekusatsiva firita yako yemvura.
Mhando dzeMagadzirirwo Ekuchenesa Mvura Yepamba
Masisitimu mana ekutanga anofungidzirwa kuti anoshandisa masisitimu ekugadzirisa mvura nekuti anogadzirisa mvura muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana uye anoiendesa kupombi imwe chete. Kusiyana neizvi, sisitimu yese yekuisa mvura inoonekwa sesisitimu yekurapa mvura, iyo inowanzo gadzirisa mvura zhinji inopinda mumba.
Unoda sefa yemvura here?
Vanhu vazhinji vanotenga mafirita emvura nekuti vanonetseka nezvekunaka kana kunhuhwirira, kana nekuti anogona kunge aine makemikari anokuvadza hutano, akadai semutobvu.
Danho rekutanga pakuona kana chisefa chemvura chichidiwa nderekutsvaga nzvimbo yekunwa mvura. Kana mvura yako yekunwa ichibva musystem yemvura yeveruzhinji iri pakati nepakati kusvika kune yakakura, ungasade chisefa chemvura. Sezvandambonyora, masisitimu mazhinji makuru nepakati anosangana nemitemo yeEPA yemvura yekunwa zvakanaka. Matambudziko mazhinji emvura yekunwa anowanikwa musystem diki dzemvura uye mumatsime epachivande.
Kana mvura yenyu yekunwa iine dambudziko rekuravira kana hwema, dambudziko iri riri kukambani yenyu yepombi kana yemvura here? Kana dambudziko iri rikaitika chete pamapombi emvura, ringave riri pombi yenyu yemvura; Kana izvi zvikaitika mumhuri yese, zvinogona kukonzerwa nekambani yenyu yemvura - ndapota taurai navo kana sangano rehutano hweveruzhinji riri pedyo nemi.
Mashoko akanaka ndeekuti matambudziko aya ekuravira nekunhuhwirira haawanzo kukonzera matambudziko ehutano. Zvisinei, hapana anoda kunwa mvura isina kunaka kana kunhuhwirira kwakashata, uye mafirita emvura anogona kubatsira zvikuru mukugadzirisa matambudziko aya.
Zvimwe zvezvinetso zvinowanzoonekwa zvekunaka nekunhuhwirira mumvura yekunwa ndeizvi:
- Kunhuhwa kwesimbi - kunowanzo kukonzerwa nekubuda kwesimbi kana mhangura kubva mumapaipi
- Kuravira kana kunhuhwirira kwechlorine kana "makemikari" - kazhinji kusangana pakati pechlorine nezvinhu zvakasikwa mumapaipi
- Kunhuhwirira kwesarufa kana kuti kwezai rakaora - kazhinji kunobva kuhydrogen sulfide inowanikwa muchisikigo mumvura yepasi
- Kunhuwa kwehove kana kuti hwema hwehove - kazhinji kunokonzerwa nemabhakitiriya anokura mumapombi ekudonhedza mvura, zvirimwa, mhuka, kana mabhakitiriya anowanikwa mumadziva nemadhamu.
- Kuravira kwemunyu - kunowanzo kukonzerwa nehuwandu hwakawanda hwe sodium, magnesium, kana potassium yechisikigo.
Chikonzero chechipiri chinoita kuti vanhu vatenge mafirita emvura imhaka yekunetseka nezvemakemikari anokuvadza. Kunyangwe EPA ichidzora kusvibiswa kwemvura kunosvika makumi mapfumbamwe mumichina yekupa mvura yeruzhinji, vanhu vazhinji havatende kuti mvura yavo inogona kunwiwa zvakachengeteka vasina mafirita. Mushumo weongororo unoti vanhu vanotenda kuti mvura yakaseferwa ine hutano (42%) kana kuti ine hushamwari kune nharaunda (41%), kana kuti havatende mumhando yemvura (37%).
dambudziko rehutano
Kusatsiva sefa yemvura kunounza matambudziko ehutano akawanda kupfuura azvinogadzirisa
Izvi zvinoitika nekuti kana sefa ikasatsiviwa nguva dzose, mabhakitiriya ane njodzi nezvimwe tupukanana zvinokura uye zvinowanda. Kana mafirita akavharika, anogona kukuvara, zvichikonzera kuunganidzwa kwemabhakitiriya nemakemikari anopinda mumvura yemumba menyu. Kukura kwakanyanya kwemabhakitiriya ane njodzi kunogona kukuvadza hutano hwako, zvichikonzera matambudziko emudumbu, kusanganisira kurutsa nekuita manyoka.
Mafirita emvura anogona kubvisa makemikari akanaka neakaipa
Mafirita emvura haagone kusiyanisa pakati pemakemikari akakosha pahutano (akadai secalcium, magnesium, iodine, uye potassium) uye makemikari anokuvadza (akadai selead necadmium).
Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kushandisa sefa yemvura kubvisa makemikari kunoenderana nehukuru hweburi resefa, iro riri saizi yeburi diki rinopinda mvura. Fungidzira sefa kana chipunu chinodonhedza mvura. Maburi madiki, ndiwo madiki aanovhara tsvina. Semuenzaniso, sefa yekabhoni yakabatidzwa ine sefa ye microfiltration ine saizi yeburi re 0.1 micrometers [2]; Saizi yeburi re reverse osmosis firita inenge 0.0001 micrometers, iyo inogona kudzivirira makemikari madiki pane firita dzekabhoni.
Mafirita anogona kuvharira makemikari ese ane saizi yakafanana, angave akakosha kana kuti anokuvadza hutano. Izvi zvave dambudziko munyika dzakadai seIsrael, uko kubvisa munyu mumvura yegungwa kunoshandiswa zvakanyanya semvura yekunwa. Kubvisa munyu mumvura yegungwa kunoshandisa reverse osmosis system kubvisa munyu mumvura, asi pamusoro pemunyu, kunobvisawo zvinhu zvina zvakakosha: fluoride, calcium, iodine, uye magnesium. Nekuda kwekushandiswa kwakapararira kwekubvisa munyu mumvura yegungwa, Israel inonyanya kutarisisa kushomeka kweiodine uye kushomeka kwemagnesium muvanhu. Kushomeka kweiodine kunogona kukonzera kusashanda zvakanaka kwethyroid, nepo kushomeka kwemagnesium kuchikonzerwa nechirwere chemwoyo nechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri.
Vatengi vanoda kuitei?
Hapana mhinduro yekuti unofanira kutenga sefa yemvura here. Iyi isarudzo yako wega, zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu emhuri yako. Nyaya dzakakosha pakudzidza mafirita emvura emumba imhando yefirita, saizi yemaburi, uye tsvina chaiyo inobviswa.
Mhando huru dzemafirita emvura ndeidzi:
Kabhoni inoshandiswa - ndiyo inonyanya kuwanikwa nekuda kwemutengo wayo wakaderera uye mwero wepamusoro wekunyungudika. Yakakodzera kubvisa lead, mercury, uye chlorine, asi haikwanise kubvisa nitrate, arsenic, heavy metals, kana mabhakitiriya akawanda.
- Kubvisa tsvina kuburikidza ne membrane inoyerera zvishoma. Inyanzvi mukubvisa makemikari akawanda nemabhakitiriya.
- Kusvina kwemagetsi zvakanyanya - Zvakafanana ne reverse osmosis, asi hazvidi simba kuti zvishande. Zvinobvisa makemikari akawanda kupfuura reverse osmosis.
- Kunyungudutsa mvura - kupisa mvura kusvika yafashaira wozounganidza utsi hwemvura panguva yekunyorova. Zvakakodzera kubvisa makemikari akawanda nemabhakitiriya.
- Mafirita ekuchinjana kwemaion - shandisa maresini ane maion ehydrogen akasimba kuti akwezve tsvina - kuti mvura ipfave (kubvisa calcium, magnesium, nezvimwe zvicherwa mumvura wozvitsiva nesodium).
- Mwaranzi yeUV - Chiedza chakasimba chinogona kubvisa mabhakitiriya, asi hachikwanise kubvisa makemikari.
Kana uri kufunga kutenga sefa yemvura, unogona kushandisa zvinhu zvakanaka:
- Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, ndapota shanyira webhusaiti yeCDC
- Ruzivo pamusoro pemhando dzakasiyana dzemafirita emvura
- Kuongororwa kwechigadzirwa
- Chitupa chechigadzirwa neNational Health Foundation (NSF), sangano rakazvimirira rinoisa mitemo yehutano hweveruzhinji yezvigadzirwa
Kana wakatenga sefa yemvura kana kuti watova nayo, ndapota yeuka kuitsiva!
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-17-2023