Kua kitea e ngā kaipūtaiao he taunakitanga mō ngā momo whakarōpūtanga 187 i roto i te 20 rita wai i kohia mai i tētahi o ngā taiao tino kino o te Ao.
Kua whakamahia e tētahi rōpū kaipūtaiao e te Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) me te Whare Wānanga o Appalachian State te DNA taiao (eDNA) hei tuhi i te kanorau koiora o te maunga teitei rawa atu o te ao, arā, ko Maunga Everest, he 29,032 putu (8,849 mita) te whānui. Ko tēnei mahi nui he wāhanga o te 2019 National Geographic me Rolex Perpetual Planet Everest Expedition, te haerenga pūtaiao nui rawa atu o Everest.
I roto i te puka iScience, i kohia e te tīma te eDNA mai i ngā tauira wai mai i ngā roto me ngā awa tekau i ngā hohonutanga mai i te 14,763 putu (4,500 mita) ki te 18,044 putu (5,500 mita) i roto i ngā wiki e whā. Kei roto i ēnei wāhi ngā rohe o ngā whitiki maunga kei runga ake i te rārangi rākau, ā, kei roto hoki he whānuitanga o ngā tipu putiputi me ngā momo rakau iti, tae atu ki ngā whitiki aeolian e toro atu ana ki tua atu i ngā tipu putiputi me ngā rakau iti i te awaawa o te whenua. I tautuhia e rātou ngā rauropi nō ngā momo whakarōpūtanga 187 mai i te 20 rita wai anake, he rite ki te 16.3%, ko te hauono rānei, o te tapeke o ngā momo e mōhiotia ana i roto i te Rākau o te Ora, te whānau rākau o te kanorau koiora o te Ao.
Ka rapu te eDNA i ngā rahinga iti o ngā rauemi ira e toe ana i ngā rauropi me ngā kararehe mohoao, ā, ka whakaratohia he tikanga utu nui ake, tere ake, me te whānui ake hei whakapai ake i ngā āheinga rangahau mō te aromatawai i te kanorau koiora i roto i te taiao wai. Ka kohia ngā tauira mā te whakamahi i tētahi pouaka hiri kei roto he tātari e hopu ana i ngā rauemi ira, kātahi ka tātarihia i roto i tētahi taiwhanga mā te whakamahi i te DNA metabarcoding me ētahi atu tikanga raupapatanga. Ka whakamahia e te WCS te eDNA hei kimi i ngā momo onge me te tata ngaro mai i ngā tohorā pūkohu ki ngā honu anga-ngohengohe Swinhoe, tētahi o ngā momo onge rawa atu o te Ao.
Mahere wera o ngā pānui raupapa o ngā huakita kua tautuhia me te whakarōpūtia i roto i te raupapa whakarōpūtanga mā te whakamahi i a SingleM me te pātengi raraunga Greengenes mai i ia pae.
Ahakoa i arotahi ngā rangahau a Everest ki te tautuhi taumata-raupapa, i taea e te tīma te tautuhi i ngā rauropi maha tae atu ki te taumata ira, momo rānei.
Hei tauira, i kitea e te tīma ngā rotifer me ngā tardigrade, e rua ngā kararehe ririki e mōhiotia ana ka tupu pai i roto i ētahi o ngā taiao tino kino me te tino kino, ā, e kiia ana ko ētahi o ngā kararehe tino pakari e mōhiotia ana i te Ao. I tua atu, i kitea e rātou te pī hukarere Tibet i kitea i te Papa Whenua ā-Motu o Sagarmatha, ā, i miharo rātou ki te kitenga i ngā momo pēnei i ngā kurī kāinga me ngā heihei e whakaatu ana i te pānga o ngā mahi a te tangata ki te whenua.
I kitea anō hoki e rātou ngā rākau paina e kitea ana i ngā pukepuke e tawhiti rawa atu ana i te wāhi i kohia ai e rātou, e whakaatu ana i te haere o te hae e pupuhihia ana e te hau ki roto i ēnei awaawa. Ko tētahi atu mea hanga i kitea e rātou i ētahi wāhi ko te ngarara, he tohu rongonui mō te huringa o te taiao.
Mā te rarangi eDNA ka āwhina i te aroturukitanga koiora o ngā maunga teitei o Himalayas ā muri ake nei me ngā rangahau ngota whakamuri ki te aromatawai i ngā huringa i roto i te wā i te mea ka huri te mahana i puta mai i te āhuarangi, te rewa o te awaawa hukapapa me ngā pānga tangata ki tēnei pūnaha rauropi rongonui o te ao, e tere hurihuri ana.
I mea atu a Tākuta Tracey Seimon o te WCS Animal Health Program, te kaiārahi tahi o te tīma Everest Biofield me te kairangahau matua: "He nui te kanorau koiora. Me whakaaro te taiao maunga, tae atu ki a Maunga Everest, kia aro turukihia tonutia te kanorau koiora o ngā maunga mō te wā roa, hei tāpiri atu ki te aro turuki i te āhuarangi me te aromatawai i te pānga o te huringa āhuarangi."
I mea atu a Tākuta Marisa Lim o te Wildlife Conservation Society: "I haere mātou ki te tuanui o te ao ki te rapu i te ora. Anei ngā mea i kitea e mātou. Heoi, kāore te kōrero i mutu i reira. āwhina mai ki te whakamōhio i ngā mōhiohio o te heke mai."
I mea atu a Tākuta Anton Simon, te kaiwhakahaere rangahau mara, te kairangahau o National Geographic me te Ahorangi Tuarua i Te Whare Wānanga o Appalachian State: "I te rautau ki muri, i te pātaitanga atu, 'He aha i haere ai ki Everest?', ka whakahoki te kaipiki Peretānia a George Mallory, 'Nā te mea i reira. He rerekē rawa te whakaaro o tā mātou tīma o te tau 2019: i haere mātou ki Maunga Everest nā te mea he whai kōrero, ā, ka taea hoki te ako i a mātou mō te ao e noho nei mātou."
Mā te tuku i tēnei huinga raraunga tuwhera ki te hapori rangahau, e tumanako ana ngā kaituhi ki te whai wāhi atu ki te mahi tonu ki te hanga rauemi ngota hei ako me te whai i ngā huringa o te kanorau koiora i ngā maunga teitei rawa o te Ao.
Tohutoro tuhinga: Lim et al., Te whakamahi i te DNA taiao hei aromatawai i te kanorau koiora o te Rākau o te Ora i te taha tonga o Maunga Everest, iScience (2022) Marisa KV Lim, 1Anton Seimon, 2Batya Nightingale, 1Charles SI Xu, 3Stefan RP Holloy, 4Adam J. Solon, 5Nicholas B. Dragon, 5Steven K. Schmidt, 5Alex Tate, 6Sandra Alvin, 6Aurora K. Elmore,6,7 me Tracey A. Simon1,8,
1 Te Rōpū Tiaki Kararehe Mohoao, Kaupapa Hauora Kararehe, Te Zoo o Bronx, Bronx, NY 10460, USA 2 Te Whare Wānanga o Appalachian State, Tari Matawhenua me te Whakamahere, Boone, NC 28608, USA 3 Te Whare Wānanga o McGill, Redpath Tari Whare Taonga me te Koiora, Montreal, H3A 0G4, CanadaQ94 Tari Ahumahi Tuatahi, Te Whanganui-a-Tara 6011, Aotearoa 5 Te Whare Wānanga o Colorado, Tari Taiao me te Koiora Whanaketanga, Boulder, CO 80309, USA 6 Te Rōpū Matawhenua o te Motu, Washington, DC, 20036, USAQ107 Te Whakahaere Moana me te Āhuarangi o te Motu, Silver-Spring, MD 20910, USA 8 Whakapā Kaiārahi* Ngā Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero
Kaupapa: Ka whakaora a WCS i ngā kararehe mohoao me ngā kararehe mohoao o te ao mā te pūtaiao, ngā mahi tiaki taiao, te mātauranga me te whakahihiko i te tangata kia maioha ki te taiao. Hei whakatutuki i tā mātou kaupapa, kei te Bronx Zoo a WCS, e whakamahi ana i te mana katoa o tana kaupapa tiaki taiao o te ao, e torohia ana i ia tau e te 4 miriona tāngata i roto i te tata ki te 60 whenua me ngā moana katoa o te ao, tae atu ki ngā papa kararehe mohoao e rima i New York. Ka whakakotahi a WCS i ōna pūkenga ki ngā zoo me ngā aquarium hei whakatutuki i tana kaupapa tiaki taiao. Tirohia: newsroom.wcs.org Whāia: @WCSNewsroom. Mō ētahi atu pārongo: 347-840-1242. Whakarongo ki te podcast WCS Wild Audio i konei.
Hei te whare wānanga tūmatanui matua i te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti, ka whakarite te Whare Wānanga o Appalachian State i ngā ākonga kia ora i ngā oranga whai hua hei tāngata whenua o te ao e mārama ana, e kawe ana hoki i te kawenga mō te waihanga i tētahi heke mai pumau mō te katoa. Ka whakatairangahia e te wheako o Appalachian te wairua whakauru mā te whakakotahi i te tangata i roto i ngā huarahi whakahihiri ki te whiwhi me te waihanga mātauranga, te tipu whānui, te mahi me te ngākau nui me te whakatau, me te awhi i te kanorau me te rerekētanga. Ko ngā Appalachian, kei roto i ngā Maunga Blue Ridge, tētahi o ngā puni 17 i roto i te pūnaha o Te Whare Wānanga o North Carolina. Me te tata ki te 21,000 ngā ākonga, he iti te ōwehenga ākonga-kaiako o Te Whare Wānanga o Appalachian, ā, neke atu i te 150 ngā kaupapa paetahi me te paerua e tuku ana.
Mā te hononga a National Geographic me Rolex ka tautokohia ngā haerenga ki te tūhura i ngā wāhi tino nui o te ao. Mā te whakamahi i ngā tohungatanga pūtaiao rongonui o te ao me ngā hangarau hou hei hura i ngā māramatanga hou ki ngā pūnaha e tino hira ana ki te ora i runga i te Ao, ka āwhina ēnei haerenga i ngā kaipūtaiao, i ngā kaihanga kaupapa here me ngā hapori o te rohe ki te whakamahere me te kimi i ngā otinga mō te āhuarangi me ngā pānga ki te āhuarangi. Kei te huri haere te taiao, e kōrero ana i ngā mea whakamiharo o tō tātou ao mā roto i ngā kōrero kaha.
Mō te tata ki te rau tau, kua tautoko a Rolex i ngā kaihōpara matua e whai ana ki te pana i ngā rohe o ngā āheinga tangata. Kua neke te kamupene mai i te tautoko i te rangahau mō te kitenga ki te tiaki i te ao mā te whakapau kaha mō te wā roa ki te tautoko i ngā tāngata takitahi me ngā whakahaere e whakamahi ana i te pūtaiao hei mārama me te whakawhanake i ngā otinga mō ngā raruraru taiao o ēnei rā.
I whakakaha ake tēnei mahi tahi me te whakarewatanga o Forever Planet i te tau 2019, i arotahi tuatahi ki te hunga e whai wāhi ana ki tētahi ao pai ake mā roto i ngā Tohu Rolex mō te Hinonga, e tiaki ana i ngā moana mā roto i tētahi hononga ki a Mission Blue, ā, e whakatinana ana i te huringa āhuarangi hei wāhanga o tōna hononga ki te National Geographic Society.
Ko te whānuitanga o ngā hononga mahi tahi i whakaaetia i raro i te kaupapa Perpetual Planet kei roto i ēnei ko: ngā haerenga ki ngā pito o te moana e pana ana i ngā rohe o te tūhuratanga i raro i te wai; One Ocean Foundation me Menkab e tiaki ana i te kanorau koiora o ngā ika moana i te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa; Xunaan-Ha Expedition e whakaatu ana i te kounga o te wai i Yucatan, Mexico; he haerenga nui ki te Arctic i te tau 2023 ki te kohikohi raraunga mō ngā tūmomo riri o te Arctic; Hearts In The Ice, me te kohikohi mōhiohio mō te huringa āhuarangi i te Arctic; me te Monaco Blue Initiative, e whakakotahi ana i ngā tohunga ki ngā otinga tiaki moana.
E tautoko ana hoki a Rolex i ngā whakahaere me ngā kaupapa e poipoi ana i te whakatupuranga hou o ngā kaihōpara, ngā kaipūtaiao me ngā kaitiaki taiao mā roto i ngā karahipi me ngā tahua tautoko pērā i te World Underwater Scholarship Association me te Rolex Explorers Club Grant.
He whakahaere kore-moni te National Geographic Society o te ao e whakamahi ana i te mana o te pūtaiao, te rangahau, te mātauranga, me te kōrero pakiwaitara hei whakamārama me te tiaki i ngā mea whakamiharo o tō tātou ao. Mai i te tau 1888, kua panaia e National Geographic ngā rohe o te rangahau, te haumi ki ngā taranata toa me ngā whakaaro whakarerekē, te whakarato i te neke atu i te 15,000 ngā putea mahi i runga i ngā whenua e whitu, te toro atu ki te 3 miriona ākonga ia tau me ngā tuku mātauranga, me te hopu i te aro o te ao mā roto i ngā waitohu, ngā kōrero me ngā ihirangi. Ki te hiahia koe ki te ako atu, tirohia te www.nationalgeographic.org, whai mai rānei i a mātou i runga i te Instagram, Twitter me Facebook.
Kaupapa: Ka whakaora a WCS i ngā kararehe mohoao me ngā kararehe mohoao huri noa i te ao mā te pūtaiao, ngā mahi tiaki taiao, te mātauranga me te whakahihiko i te tangata kia maioha ki te taiao. Kei te Bronx Zoo te kāinga, ka whakamahia e WCS te mana katoa o tana kaupapa tiaki taiao ā-ao hei whakatutuki i tana kaupapa, me te 4 miriona manuhiri ia tau i roto i te tata ki te 60 whenua me ngā moana katoa o te ao, tae atu ki ngā papa kararehe mohoao e rima i te Tāone o Niu Ioka. Ka whakakotahi a WCS i ōna tohungatanga ki ngā zoo me ngā aquarium hei whakatutuki i tana kaupapa tiaki taiao. Tirohia te newsroom.wcs.org. Ohauru: @WCSNewsroom. Ētahi atu kōrero: +1 (347) 840-1242.
Kaiwhakaū o SpaceRef, mema o te Explorers Club, o mua nō NASA, tīma manuhiri, kairīpoata, tohunga mokowā me te tohunga whetū, he kaipiki maunga i rahua.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-10-2022